Título del proyecto
Funding proposal for the advancing development and Climate Change resilience in the Central American Dry Corridor: translating science into policy in Guanacaste, Costa Rica, an interdisciplinary, international collaboration
Coordinador
Dr. Hugo Hidalgo León – Centro de Investigaciones Geofísicas (CIGEFI), UCR
Investigadores UCR
Nombre | Institución | |
Dr. | Eric Alfaro | UCR |
Investigadores extranjeros
Nombre | Departamento | País | |
Dr. | Yosef Gotlieb | College of Education Jerusalem, Israel | Israel |
Dr. | Aliza Fleischer | Department of Environmental Economics and Management | Israel |
Sitio oficial
http://cigefi.ucr.ac.cr/ucrea-picsc/
Actividades de divulgación social
Reconociendo comunidades del Corredor Seco Centroamericano
El recurso humano se distribuyó en dos equipos, uno enfocado en aspectos físicos (recursos naturales y sistemas de producción) y el otro en sistemas humanos (sociales, económicos y seguridad alimentaria). Se desarrolló un Diagnóstico Rural Participativo, el cual cuenta con una variedad de técnicas para recoger información primaria. El equipo de investigación logró construir un análisis multi-dimensional de la historia y situación actual en estas comunidades, gracias al aporte de actores claves de la comunidad como grupos de mujeres, agricultures y dueños de fincas, así como del equipo técnico que participó.
El objetivo del trabajo de campo es obtener información primaria y que sirva de insumo para evaluar las opciones de desarrollo sostenible de frente al cambio climático en comunidades del Corredor Seco Centroamericano (CSC). Se formularán modelos de impactos climáticos e hidrológicos en esos territorios utilizando el diagnóstico para definir las potenciales acciones de desarrollo y opciones para mejorar los sistemas de producción y socioeconómicos para ayudar a las comunidades puedan seguir aprovechando sus tierras y que se adapten a la variabilidad y cambio climático.
Este trabajo de campo fue el primero del Programa Integral del Corredor Seco Centroamericano (PCSC), financiado por UCREA. La experiencia de esta actividad será tomada en cuneta en áreas representativas del CSC en el futuro.
El Proyecto UCREA-PICSC está apoyado por el Espacio Universitario de Estudios Avanzados de la Universidad de Costa Rica.
Artículos
Alfaro E.J., H.G. Hidalgo, P.M. Pérez-Briceño. 2018. Mapping Environmental and Socioeconomic impacts of hydrometeorological hazards accross Central America, Study case: Honduras. Revista de Política Económica y Desarrollo Sostenible. 3(1): 20-43. http://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/politicaeconomica/article/view/10303
Alfaro, E., & H. Hidalgo, 2017. Propuesta metodológica para la predicción climática estacional del veranillo en la cuenca del río Tempisque, Costa Rica, América Central. Tópicos Meteorológicos y Oceanográficos. 16(1). 62-74. http://cglobal.imn.ac.cr/documentos/revista/topicosmet20171/html5/index.html?page=1&noflash
Moreno-Díaz, M., & Alfaro, E. 2018. Valoración socioeconómica del impacto de la variabilidad climática sobre la pesca artesanal en Costa Rica. Uniciencia, 32(1), 18-31. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.15359/ru.32-1.2
http://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/uniciencia/article/download/10169/12452
Maldonado T., Alfaro E.J. y Hidalgo H.G. 2018. Revision of the main drivers and variability of Central America Climate and seasonal forecast systems. Revista de Biología Tropical, 66(Suppl. 1): S153-S175. https://revistas.ucr.ac.cr/index.php/rbt/article/view/33294
Maldonado T., Alfaro E.J., Amador J.A. y Rutgersson, A. 2018. Regional precipitation estimations in Central America, using the Weather Research and Forecast model. Revista de Biología Tropical, 66(Suppl. 1): S231-S254. https://revistas.ucr.ac.cr/index.php/rbt/article/view/33303
Alfaro, E. J., Chourio, X., Muñoz, Á. G. and Mason, S. J. (2018), Improved seasonal prediction skill of rainfall for the Primera season in Central America. Int. J. Climatol., e255-e268. doi:10.1002/joc.5366 https://rmets.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/joc.5366
Medios de prensa
Colaboración con entrevista programa ConCiencia de Canal 15 sobre el proyecto. Alcance: se dio a conocer en qué consiste el proyecto y sus objetivos.
Colaboración con entrevista en el programa “En la Academia”. Alcance: se dio a conocer en qué consiste el proyecto y sus objetivos.
Colaboración con la nota periodística Costa Rica no es un país sostenible. Tormenta Nate deja al descubierto debilidades estructurales que requieren atención. Periodistas Tatiana Carmona, Patricia Blanco, Jennifer Jiménez, Rebeca Madrigal, Andrea Marín, Gabriela Mayorga, Andrea Méndez y Otto Salas. Noticias de la Oficina de Información y Divulgación de la Universidad de Costa Rica. 15 de diciembre de 2017. (https://www.ucr.ac.cr/noticias/2017/12/15/costa-rica-no-es-un-pais-sostenible.html?platform=hootsuite, última visita 08/01/2018).
Colaboración con la nota periodística Tormenta Nate: El problema está en la tierra, no en el cielo. Periodista Daniel Salazar Murillo. Suplemento de Cambio Climático Ojo al Clima. Semanario Universidad, 11 de octubre de 2017. (https://semanariouniversidad.com/pais/tormenta-nate-problema-esta-la-tierra-no-cielo/, última visita 12/10/2017).
Objetivos (EN)
General |
To evaluate the physical and socioeconomic vulnerabilities of Guanacaste, in order to suggest solutions that would improve quality of life in this province
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Specific 1 |
To assess regional trends relating to climate and water, natural resources, environment and ecology, and human (socioeconomic) development
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Specific 2 |
To formulate a Natural Resource-Based Poverty Map that disaggregates relative areas of poverty in the region
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Specific 3 |
To provide a multi-dimensional picture of the whole reality latent in the field through the inclusion of meaningful synthesis of data for natural systems and human
development. This includes the formation of a database that can be used in the future by researchers working on related subjects |
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To discern regional development patterns spatially-disaggregated and mapped data for the UN’s Human Development Indicators (with particular emphasis on the Sustainable and Millennium Development Indicators) that can assist policymakers in prioritizing resource allocation and projects
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Specific 4 |
To highlight the region as representative of the future challenges that global warming brings to the interface between society and nature and, hopefully, to develop solutions that can be emulated elsewhere.
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Resumen (EN)
These socioeconomic gaps are problematic in themselves and all the more so at a time when the region is facing natural resource challenges (water scarcity, land degradation) that may worsen as the climate changes. These environmental challenges threaten both the land-based livelihoods (agriculture, ranching) and the touristic sector, which is a leading source of revenue in the region.
The proposed project is based on the assessment that the problems of uneven development in Guanacaste and the CADC of which it is a part cannot be addressed without taking the effects of CV and CC into account. Similarly, efforts to build enhanced capacity to withstand the prospective impacts of environmental change must be consistent with the sustainable development of the region. In order to conform to these imperatives, a knowledge-rich, scientifically-rooted understanding of the physical, social and institutional challenges in the region is indispensable. Providing this knowledge base in order to guide policy toward effective action is the overall goal of the proposed Collaboration.
Given that physical, socioeconomic and institutional dimensions are involved, an interdisciplinary approach is indispensable. Tools from the natural sciences, the social sciences, agricultural sciences, resource management, public administration and the humanities — specifically those dealing with institution-building, policy and regional cooperation — are necessary to this enterprise. This Collaboration is inter-institutional and specialists therefrom three universities are involved.
The challenges encountered in Guanacaste are an extension of a cross-border, regional condition and the latter, which requires international cooperation. Israel, a Middle Eastern country that is subject to any of the same stressors that the CADC faces as a result of CC, has developed innovative land and water management systems to contend with these challenges. The allocation of resources it shares with its neighbors, Jordan and the Palestinian Authority, especially water, has resulted in cooperative agreements on the levels of both government and civil society. Accordingly, there are lessons to be learned from the Israel experience and the partnership of a Tel Aviv University environmental institute in this Collaboration renders the latter international in character.
As detailed below, the Collaboration will 1) Conduct field research to profile of air-water-land dynamics in Guanacaste and simulate possible impacts that such changes might have the future, 2) Map the natural-resource basis for uneven development in the region, 3) Review the prevailing rural activity (agriculture, ranching, tourism) in Guanacaste and explore possibilities for improving conditions (physical, organizational, economic) that enhances development opportunities in a climate-resilient manner, 4) Formulate guidelines for ameliorating projected CV and CC-impacts and interventions needed to reduce development disparities in the region by improving the conditions of smallholders and expanding employment (MIDEPLAN 2014 ) and, 5) Propose and test consultative frameworks for bottom-up/top-down dialog (between government and local stakeholders) aimed to promote the proposed policy.
By achieving these objectives the Collaboration hopes to break new ground in the articulation of mitigating and adaptive strategies needed to contend with the impacts of global warming and related changes on the interface of society and nature.